Health officials are appealing to people in their 50s to complete and return NHS bowel cancer screening kits, after figures revealed this age group is far less likely to take part than older adults.
Just 56.2 per cent of 54-year-olds completed their screening test last year, compared with 73.5 per cent of those aged 70 to 74, according to the latest annual figures from the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme.
Nearly 5.2 million people took part in screening over the year, almost half a million more than the year before, as the programme’s roll-out to younger age groups was completed. On average, the tests uncovered around 100 cancers every week.
How the test works
Everyone aged 50 to 74 in England is sent a free home test kit, called a faecal immunochemical test (FIT), once every two years. It involves taking a small stool sample using a stick and bottle provided in the post, then returning it to the NHS to be checked for traces of blood, a potential early warning sign of bowel cancer.
‘I had no symptoms at all’
Joanne, who was 54 when her kit arrived after the screening age was lowered, left it unused in her bathroom for several weeks before finally completing it. The results showed she needed further investigation, which led to a diagnosis of bowel cancer.
Because it was caught early, Joanne was able to have surgery in July 2024 and avoided needing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. She is now encouraging friends and family who have put off their own kits to act.
She said she had shown no symptoms whatsoever before being tested, and was shocked by the result. She said she was thankful she had gone ahead with the kit, adding that she did not want to think about what might have happened otherwise, and wants others her age to complete theirs too.
Doctors urge people not to delay
Professor Peter Johnson, the NHS’s National Clinical Director for Cancer, said the health service was concerned by low return rates among people in their 50s despite busy lives. He noted, with a nod to the cultural touchstones of that generation, that anyone old enough to remember Kylie Minogue and Jason Donovan’s wedding on Neighbours was likely to be in the target age bracket.
He stressed that bowel cancer can develop silently, without symptoms, but that catching it early saves lives, urging people not to leave their kit on a shelf, but to complete it and post it back.
Screening expansion and wider trends
The NHS now sends out around 8.7 million home-testing kits a year. Almost a million more people were invited to take part in 2024-25 than the year before, as the expansion of screening to younger age groups was finished.
Overall uptake across all eligible ages was 65.2 per cent, a slight fall from 67.6 per cent the previous year, driven largely by lower participation among younger invitees. Among those aged 60 to 74, however, uptake rose to 72.9 per cent, up from 71.8 per cent and the highest level recorded since records began in 2014.
This year marks 20 years since the screening programme was first launched, in 2006.
The NHS stresses that screening is intended for people without symptoms, and anyone concerned about possible signs of bowel cancer should contact their GP straight away rather than waiting for their next scheduled test.
Charity and government reaction
Genevieve Edwards, chief executive of Bowel Cancer UK, said people newly receiving a kit in their 50s should see every completed test as a chance to catch cancer early, or prevent it altogether, and urged people not to delay, noting the test takes only a few minutes at home.
Public Health and Prevention Minister Sharon Hodgson said the expansion of the programme to people in their early 50s meant more cancers could now be caught earlier, when treatment tends to be most effective, and described the test as a quick, simple step that can be done from home.
The government’s National Cancer Plan for England, published earlier this year, has set a target of delivering 17,000 earlier cancer diagnoses by 2035, with home-testing kits expected to help save almost 6,000 lives.
